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ISSN: 2772-8307
Copyright © 2026 Shanghai Jiaotong University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
cited:10
Evolution of superconductivity and corresponding electronic structure in pressurized Nb3Sn
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Article Number:Article 100153
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Abstract
Corresponding email:duandf@jlu.edu.cn; jguo@iphy.ac.c
The studies on superconductors under extreme conditions offer valuable insights for assessing their potential in new applications. Nb3Sn, an intermetallic alloy with an A15 structure, is a key commercial superconductor known for its high critical current and magnetic field tolerance. Here, we systematically investigated the physical properties of Nb3Sn under high pressures. Our findings reveal that superconductivity in Nb3Sn remains robust up to 142 GPa, demonstrating remarkable stability despite a gradual suppression of with increasing pressure. First-principles calculations indicate that the pressure-dependent superconducting behavior is primarily driven by variations in the density of states of Nb’s d-electrons, particularly contributions from the and orbitals. Furthermore, we predict the potential for synthesizing Nb3Sn films and demonstrate that biaxial strain induced by suitable substrates can preserve their superconducting properties. This comprehensive study not only enhances our understanding of Nb3Sn’s superconducting mechanism under high pressure but also opens new avenues for its application in advanced superconducting technologies.
cited:2
Microstructural evolution mechanism of Ba0.6KαFe2As2 Cu/Ag composite sheathed superconducting tapes
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Article Number:Article 100154
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Abstract
Corresponding email:ywma@mail.iee.ac.cn
Low-cost Cu/Ag composite sheathed BaKFe2As2 superconducting tapes have been the focus of considerable research interest in terms of superconducting properties and performance improvement. The K-doping content has a great influence on the transport critical current density () of Cu/Ag composite sheathed tapes. This study analyzes the evolution occurring within the micro-composition and the mechanism affecting the transport in BaKFe2As2 (0.42 0.54) raw material, by modulating the ratio of K. It has been demonstrated that both extremes of K content, namely an insufficient or excessive amount, have an adverse effect on phase purity of the powders. Consequently, this has a direct impact on the transport of tapes. Cu/Ag tapes fabricated using a precursor powder with an optimal K ratio 0.464 exhibited the highest performance, with a of 5.8 × 104 A cm −2 at 10 T and 4.2 K. The optimized Cu/Ag composite tapes have been found to have superior advantages for high-field applications.
cited:9
Mechanical and electromagnetic characteristics of MgB2 wires & Cable-in-Conduit Conductors for fusion magnet application
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Article Number:Article 100155
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Abstract
Corresponding email:chao.zhou@ipp.ac.cn
A study on a 4-stage sub-size MgB2 Cable-in-Conduit Conductor (CICC), tested at the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), revealed a 20% degradation in critical current at 4.2 K compared to single-strand data. To address this issue, the mechanical properties of MgB2 wires from Hyper Tech and WST were investigated, and two sub-size CICCs were manufactured using a “close-to-1-ratio” Twente design with smaller diameter wires. These cables demonstrated no significant degradation in critical current after cabling and compaction, nor after electromagnetic load cycling. The results indicate that the close-to-1-ratio cable design is optimal for brittle superconducting materials such as MgB2, Nb3Sn, and BSCCO, as it minimizes mechanical stress and preserves superconducting properties. This design shows significant potential for the application of MgB2 in next-generation fusion reactors, particularly in Poloidal Field (PF) coils, Correction Coils (CC), and feeders.
cited:5
An adaptive-extended modeling to accelerate electromagnetic study and data generation in superconducting magnet applications
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Article Number:Article 100156
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Abstract
Corresponding email:wmy1994@sjtu.edu.cn
Superconducting magnets possess unique electromagnetic properties, making them applicable in fields such as nuclear magnetic resonance, maglev, and fusion. These applications generally involve diverse environments featuring AC or DC conditions, where superconducting properties are influenced by various factors. Specifically, the most concerning properties in high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets include critical current, AC loss, screening current effects, and so on. Finite element method is widely used in reliable numerical studies for these properties. Several popular models have been proposed and developed to get higher precision and less calculation time. However, constrained by computational resources, they still have challenges in supporting high-throughput analysis. In various studies on electromagnetic characteristics of magnets, a substantial amount of data is often required to facilitate the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) methods or optimization approaches. This paper proposes an adaptive-extended J-model to compute superconducting properties, further enhancing the efficiency of electromagnetic study and also serving to generate dataset for AI methods. It reduces computation time to only 20%–30% of that of the existing fastest model while maintaining similar levels of accuracy. By using this method as a data-generative tool, the dataset of a series of HTS solenoids including 2000 turns is expeditiously obtained and employed to predict the screening current induced field. The predictive performance is reliable under the dataset calculation time of mere minutes. This study significantly shortens the time to realize big dataset demands, accelerating electromagnetic study of superconducting magnets in various scenarios.
cited:21
Multiphysics multilayer modelling and simulation of HTS REBCO magnets carrying direct currents under AC magnetic fields
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Article Number:Article 100157
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Abstract
Corresponding email:jun.ma@bristol.ac.uk
High temperature superconducting homopolar inductor machine (HTS-HIM) is concerned and studied for electric aircraft because of its high power density, high efficiency, and high power-to-weight ratio. In an HTS-HIM, the high temperature superconducting magnets carrying DC currents under alternating background magnetic fields work as excitation magnets. Under extreme electromagnetic conditions, the voltage, loss, and temperature of the HTS magnets will increase because of the dynamic resistance effect. To predict the behaviors of the HTS magnet, it is necessary to analyze its electromagnetic-thermal characteristics by using a multiphysics model. This paper establishes a 2D axisymmetric multilayer multiphysics HTS magnet model based on the H-formulation. By using this multilayer multiphysics model, the electromagnetic-thermal characteristics of each turn can be analyzed. Meanwhile, this model can not only analyze the total loss and loss components of each layer under various operating conditions but also predict the temperature and quench behaviors of each part. The result shows that the loss components of the REBCO layer have distinct temperature dependence. When considering the thermal field effect, the magnetization loss of the REBCO layer reduces by 75% and the transport loss of the REBCO layer increases by 45% under high direct currents and high AC magnetic fields. Meanwhile, the temperature of the external turn is higher than the internal turn, and the external turn is at risk of quench in the operating process when the direct currents and AC magnetic fields are high. The multilayer multiphysics model is a powerful tool for designing, analyzing, and optimizing the HTS magnets in HTS-HIMs, and this multiphysics modelling technique can be utilized in modelling and simulating HTS REBCO magnets in various applications.
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