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ISSN: 2772-8307
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cited:17
Dominant effect of residual secondary phase of powders on Jc and microstructure of Bi-2212 superconducting wires
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Article Number:Article 100060
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Abstract
Corresponding email:lhjin@c-nin.com; csli@c-nin.com
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212) superconducting round wires exhibited great potential for use in high-field applications. The purity of the precursor powders is critical for the transport current of the wires. However, the role of the residual secondary phase in the precursor powders is not fully understood. Here, the origin of the secondary phase was investigated in precursor powders that were prepared using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) and calcination processing. The microstructure and phase evolution of the precursor powders during the crystallization process were analyzed. Moreover, the effects that the residual secondary phase has on melting behavior, morphology properties, and the supercurrent flow of Bi-2212 multi-filamentary wires are systematically discussed. The residual secondary phase in the filament caused further crystallization, and this led to the formation of more and larger Bi-2201 grains at the onset of the melting process. The poor microstructure and low critical current of the final Bi-2212 wires can be attributed to the presence of the residual copper-rich phase. Bi-2212 wires that were prepared with fully crystallized powders had a high critical current density (Jc) of 6773 A/mm2 at 4.2 K, self-field. It was revealed that control of the secondary phases in precursor powders is greatly significant for achieving superior values of Jc.
cited:9
Oxidation in Ca/K-1144 iron-based superconductors polycrystalline compounds
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Article Number:Article 100062
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Abstract
Corresponding email:andrea.masi@enea.it
Iron-based superconductors (IBSCs) are a class of material under investigation for the development of superconducting wires in the low-temperature-high magnetic fields power application. Among the various families of IBSCs, the 1144 CaKFe4As4 compound is a promising material able to achieve outstanding superconducting properties with a cheap and simple chemical composition. Oxidation, in these compounds, is considered an obstacle for high intergranular critical current density, Jc,GB. A study devoted to the evaluation of oxidation phenomena and their effects on the superconducting properties is thus needed in order to fully understand the involved mechanisms. From the evaluation of polycrystalline samples obtained by a mechanochemically assisted synthesis route, a degradation of the critical temperature and critical currents has been observed concurrently with oxygen accumulation at grain boundaries in open porosities. However, the crystalline structure at an atomic level seems not affected, as well as intragranular superconducting properties assessed by means of calorimetric methods. These results suggest that loss of superconducting properties in Ca/K-1144 compounds following oxidation is significantly associated with the worsening of grain connectivity.
cited:18
Numerical simulation on AC loss in REBCO tapes carrying non-sinusoidal currents
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Article Number:Article 100063
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Abstract
Corresponding email:zhenan.jiang@vuw.ac.nz
AC loss is one of the greatest obstacles for high-temperature superconducting (HTS) applications. In some HTS applications, coated conductors carry non-sinusoidal currents. Thus, it is important to investigate the effect of various waveforms on AC loss in coated conductors. In this work, transport AC loss in a 4 mm - wide REBCO coated conductor carrying sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal currents, is numerically investigated. The current amplitudes, the frequency of the transport current, and n-value are varied. Non-sinusoidal transport current waveforms studied include square, five types of trapezoidal, and triangular waveforms. Simulated results show that, for a given current amplitude, AC loss for the square current waveform is the greatest, that for the triangular waveform is the smallest. The sequence of AC loss in the conductor for different current waveforms coincides with the penetration depth, which implies the penetration depth determines the AC loss of the coated conductor. Furthermore, the transport AC loss in the conductor was found to decrease with frequency as for non-sinusoidal transport current.
cited:16
A full-wave HTS flux pump using a feedback control system
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Article Number:Article 100064
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Abstract
Corresponding email:james.rice@vuw.ac.nz
Transformer-rectifier flux pumps are DC superconducting power supplies capable of charging superconducting magnets to high currents and stored magnetic energies. Here, we demonstrate a full-wave superconducting flux pump assembled from high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wire that utilizes superconducting switches controlled by applied magnetic field. A negative DC offset occurs in the superconducting secondary of the circuit during operation which is related to the output load current. A feedback control system is proposed and demonstrated to account for the negative DC offset. Increasing the primary current proportional to the load current during operation allowed for the maximum output of the flux pump to be increased from 35 A to more than 275 A. These results are reproduced using a coupled electrical- and magnetic–circuit model formulated in the MATLAB Simulink® package.
cited:12
Fatigue behaviors and damage mechanisms for Nb3Sn triple-helical structure at liquid nitrogen temperature
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Article Number:Article 100065
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Corresponding email:zhangzhiwei@lzu.eu.cn; zhangxingyi@lzu.edu.cn
Nb3Sn triple-helical structure is the elementary structure in the superconducting cable of ITER magnets and undergoes prolonged fatigue loading in extreme environments leading to serious damage degradation. In this paper, the fatigue behaviors of the Nb3Sn triple-helical structure have been investigated by the strain cycling fatigue experiments at liquid nitrogen temperature. The results indicate that Nb3Sn triple-helical structures with short twist-pitches possess excellent fatigue damage resistance than that of long twist-pitches, such as longer fatigue life, slower damage degradation, and smaller energy dissipation. Meanwhile, a theoretical model of damage evolution has been established to reveal the effects of twist-pitches on fatigue properties for triple-helical structures, which is also validated by the present experimental data. Furthermore, one can see that the Nb3Sn superconducting wires in a triple-helical structure with the shorter twist-pitches have a larger elongation of helical structure and less cyclic deformation, which can be considered as the main mechanism of better fatigue damage properties for the triple-helical structures during the strain cycling processes. These findings provide a better understanding of the fatigue properties and damage mechanisms for Nb3Sn triple-helical structures in superconducting cables of ITER magnets.
cited:33
Time-dependent development of dynamic resistance voltage of superconducting tape considering heat accumulation
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Article Number:Article 100066
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Corresponding email:yuy_xing@163.com
In flux pumps, motors and superconducting magnets, the high temperature superconductor (HTS) coated conductor frequently carries a DC transport current when an oscillating magnetic field is present in the background. Under this circumstance, the interesting effect of dynamic resistance takes place, which can affect the operating performance of superconducting devices: heat accumulation can contribute to the rising temperature of the HTS tape and the dynamic resistance voltage can change accordingly. This article explores the time-dependent development of the dynamic resistance voltage using a numerical modeling considering the thermal effects. After a validation against experimental results, this work investigates the effects of several factors on the structure of the HTS tape on the time-dependent development of the dynamic resistance, thus providing insights toward a better understanding of the time-dependent behavior of HTS tapes under external magnetic fields.
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