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ISSN: 2772-8307
Copyright © 2026 Shanghai Jiaotong University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
cited:9
Superconducting magnets for high power microwave systems: Performance enhancement and future prospects
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Article Number:Article 100194
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cited:13
Superconducting fault current limiter for multi-terminal HVDC grid protection
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Article Number:Article 100195
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Abstract
Corresponding email:yingxin@tju.edu.cn
With the global energy transition, the proportion of renewable energy power generation in total electricity production has exceeded 30% and continues to rise, even the ratio is higher in China. Multi-terminal high-voltage direct-current (MT-HVDC) transmission systems have advantages of integration of distributed renewable energy sources, dynamic grid interconnections, and reliable islanding operation capabilities, being critical for next-generation power grid. Current limiting technologies are pivotal in maintaining grid safety and stability, especially for HVDC systems without natural zero-crossing point in fault currents. In this perspective, a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) with combination of resistance and inductance is necessary and more effective solution in protecting MT-HVDC transmission systems.
cited:2
Extended hydrogen frameworks in nonmetallic superhydrides enabling 190 K superconductivity
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Article Number:Article 100196
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Abstract
Corresponding email:zhangxh318@ysu.edu.cn；a.bergara@ehu.eus；yanggc468@nenu.edu.cn
Extended hydrogen-rich frameworks stabilized under high pressure are essential for achieving high-temperature superconductivity in metal hydrides, where metal atoms contribute both charge and intrinsic precompression. In contrast, p-block nonmetal hydrides lack such extended hydrogenic connectivity. Here, using first-principles crystal structure search calculations, we identify three nitrogen-based superhydrides—NH10, NH11, and NH12—each featuring a unique extended H sublattice: corrugated graphene-like hydrogen layers in NH10, planar H-ring sheets in NH11, and a fully three-dimensional, densely connected H framework in NH12. These structures are stabilized by units, which donate charge in a manner analogous to metal atoms in conventional metal superhydrides. Remarkably, NH10 exhibits a superconducting critical temperature () of 190 K at 200 GPa, driven by strong electron–phonon coupling between H-1s states and low-frequency hydrogen-derived phonon modes—a mechanism notably distinct from that of hydrogen cages in LaH10 and CaH6. The predicted values of NH11 and NH12 also exceeds 130 K. Our work introduces a new paradigm for designing nonmetal superhydrides with structurally engineered hydrogenic frameworks.
cited:8
Heavy ion irradiation effects on the high-frequency properties of YBCO and Nb3Sn thin films
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Article Number:Article 100149
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Abstract
Corresponding email:gianluca.ghigo@polito.it
High-energy heavy-ion irradiation is known to produce effective vortex pinning centers in the high- cuprate superconductors, as amorphous columnar tracks. However, while the beneficial effects on pinning has been well established through dc and low-frequency characterizations, the same analysis in the high-frequency regime is far from complete. Even less investigated are the effects of heavy ion irradiation on the microwave properties of metallic low- superconducting films. Here, we report on the effects of 1.15 GeV Pb irradiation on the high frequency properties of YBaCuO (YBCO) and NbSn thin films. The microwave analysis, performed in the range 7-8 GHz, allows obtaining the fundamental properties of both the materials, as the London penetration depth and gap values, and of the main pinning parameters, through the determination of the Campbell length by measurements in dc magnetic fields up to 4 T. GeV heavy-ion irradiation confirmed to be extremely effective for YBCO also in the high frequency regime, enhancing both the pinning constant and the depinning frequency, thus pushing the critical current density to about 30% of the depairing current density. On the other hand, the discontinuous but correlated defects produced in NbSn was found to be ineffective to enhance the pinning properties (the pinning constant in fact decreases), while the observed increment of the depinning frequency is ascribed to the reduction of the vortex viscosity, in turn due to the growth of the normal state resistivity.
cited:1
The superconducting magnet development for the next generation ECR ion source on LEAF
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Article Number:Article 100151
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Abstract
Corresponding email:sunlt@impcas.ac.cn; zhaohw@impcas.ac.c
In December 2024, the world first stand-alone Low Energy high intensity heave ion Accelerator Facility (LEAF) has been commissioned to its design performance and passed the acceptance test conducted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. LEAF is designed and built by the Institute of Modern Physics, CAS, which is aiming to provide unprecedent ion beam conditions for the researches of nuclear astrophysics, atomic physics, nuclear materials and so on. To realize this goal, it is essential to develop an ECR (Electron Cyclotron Resonance) ion source beyond the performance of the state-of-the-art machines. This ECR ion source is called FECR (First 4th generation ECR ion source) designed to be operated with the plasma heated by 45 GHz microwave frequency that needs high magnetic field confinement. Therefore, with FECR Nb3Sn superconducting technology was incorporated to ECR ion source for the first time in the world. FECR features Nb3Sn solenoids and NbTi sextupole coils that enables its high performing operation at 45 + 28 GHz microwave heating.
cited:6
Impact of distributed Bragg reflectors on the intrinsic detection efficiency of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
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Article Number:Article 100152
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Abstract
Corresponding email:lihao@mail.sim.ac.cn
In this study, we investigate the impact of substrates with distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) on the proximity effect during the fabrication of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) using electron beam lithography. We compare the linewidth compression and line edge roughness of nanowires prepared on three different DBRs substrates. Additionally, we characterize the variations in switching current (I) and intrinsic detection efficiency (IDE) at a 2.2-K temperature. The results show that when the substrates are composed of low atomic number materials, such as Si and SiO2, the proximity effect is significantly mitigated. As a consequence, the lithography quality of nanowires is effectively improved, thus enhancing the IDE of SNSPDs. This study is expected to provide new insights into the fabrication of SNSPDs and lay the foundation for the preparation of high-performance and high-uniformity large-area devices.
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